Performance metrics & physics
Peak Noon Solar Load
Peak noon solar load is the maximum solar power reaching a vehicle's glass area at midday, typically 1,000+ W/m² in Singapore — the design condition for cabin temperature management.
On a clear Singapore noon, the sun delivers approximately 1,000 W/m² to a flat surface. A typical car has 2.5–3.5 m² of glass surface exposed to direct sun (windscreen, panoramic roof, side windows).
Total solar input to the cabin under these conditions can exceed 3,000 W — equivalent to running an electric heater inside the car. Without window film, most of this energy enters the cabin as heat.
A premium ceramic film rejecting 60% of total solar energy cuts the input to about 1,200 W. The aircon system runs to remove the remaining 1,200 W — manageable rather than overwhelming.